William Claxton (1927–2008) was an American photographer known for his iconic portraits of the jazz scene after World War II. Born in Pasadena, California, he began photographing jazz musicians in Los Angeles while studying at UCLA in the 1950s. He captured figures such as Charlie Parker, Dexter Gordon, and Chet Baker, whose images would become famous worldwide.
In 1952, he co-founded Pacific Jazz Records with Richard Bock, where he developed a unique style: capturing musicians in simple, authentic moments, away from the stage. He later worked for major labels, photographing legends like Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and Miles Davis. By the late 1950s, he also became interested in the Los Angeles art scene, photographing artists such as Ed Ruscha and Niki de Saint Phalle.
In 1960, he traveled across the United States with musicologist Joachim Berendt to document jazz, a journey that led to the publication of the book Jazzlife (1961), considered a major visual testimony to American jazz. From the 1960s onward, Claxton also became a renowned photojournalist, collaborating with magazines such as Life, Time, and Vogue, and photographing icons like Frank Sinatra, Steve McQueen, and Marlene Dietrich.
His relationship with Steve McQueen resulted in a cult book, Steve McQueen (2000). Alongside his wife, model Peggy Moffit, he also created striking images of Rudi Gernreich’s designs, including the film Basic Black, regarded as the first fashion video clip.
William Claxton’s photographs have been exhibited in numerous group and solo exhibitions worldwide and published in several books, including Jazzlife (1960), The Journal of the Loved One (1965; text by Terry Southern, photographs by William Claxton), Jazz (1988), Jazz West Coast: Artwork of Pacific Jazz Records (1993), Young Chet (1993), The Rudi Gernreich Book (1991), Claxography (1996), West Coast Jazz (1998), Jazz Seen (1999), Laugh (1999), Steve McQueen (2000), Photographic Memory (2002), Jazzlife (new edition, 2005), New Orleans 1960 (2006), and Jazz Images (2018).